Scleral lenses are large-diameter contact lenses that vault over the cornea and rest on the sclera, the white part of the eye.
They are primarily designed to provide visual correction for individuals with irregular corneas or specific eye conditions while ensuring comfort and stability.
Understanding Scleral Lenses
Scleral lenses are a specialised type of contact lens that differs significantly from standard soft or rigid gas-permeable (RGP) lenses. What makes them unique is their size, material, and how they interact with the eye.
Size and Design
Scleral lenses are larger than traditional lenses, typically ranging between 14mm and 24mm in diameter. This large size allows the lens to rest entirely on the sclera rather than the cornea, making them particularly beneficial for individuals with sensitive corneas or irregular corneal shapes.
The central area of the lens vaults over the cornea, creating a small reservoir of fluid that provides consistent hydration, comfort, and clear vision. This liquid-filled space adds a protective barrier, making these lenses highly suitable for individuals with severe dry eyes.
Materials Used
Scleral lenses are made of highly oxygen-permeable materials, ensuring the cornea receives an adequate supply of oxygen despite being covered. This is essential for maintaining corneal health during prolonged use.
Who Can Benefit From Scleral Lenses?
Scleral lenses are designed for individuals who cannot achieve clear or comfortable vision with regular lenses or glasses. They offer treatments tailored to address a variety of eye conditions, including:
Keratoconus
Keratoconus is a condition where the cornea becomes thin and cone-shaped, distorting vision. Scleral lenses provide a smooth optical surface, neutralising these irregularities and restoring clearer vision.
Severe Dry Eyes
For individuals with conditions like Sjögren’s syndrome or chronic eye dryness, scleral lenses create a reservoir of saline solution, offering continuous hydration and protecting against irritation.
Corneal Irregularities
Individuals with irregularly shaped corneas resulting from corneal transplants, scarring, or post-surgical complications can attain improved visual clarity and enhanced comfort through the use of scleral lenses.
Refractive Errors
Scleral lenses can also be helpful for individuals with irregular astigmatism or significant refractive errors that are not correctable with conventional soft lenses or glasses, such as those caused by corneal ectasias.
How Scleral Lenses Work?
Scleral lenses work by creating a custom-fitted optical environment for the eye. Here’s how they function:
- Lens Vaulting:
The lens is meticulously designed to fit over the cornea without touching it, distributing its weight evenly on the sclera.
- Fluid Reservoir:
The space between the lens and the eye retains fluid, which acts as a cushion, providing hydration and comfort.
- Stable Vision:
Unlike smaller lenses, scleral lenses remain stable on the eye’s surface, ensuring consistent visual correction even with significant corneal irregularities.
Benefits of Scleral Lenses
Scleral lenses are growing in popularity due to their compelling advantages. Here’s why they are often the preferred choice:
Superior Comfort
Because scleral lenses do not directly touch the cornea, they minimise irritation and discomfort, even for individuals with sensitive eyes.
Clearer Vision
Their advanced design corrects corneal irregularities, allowing users to experience significantly improved vision compared to alternatives.
Hydration and Protection
The fluid reservoir under the lens provides continuous hydration, making them especially valuable for people with dry eye syndrome.
Stability
Unlike smaller lenses, scleral lenses are less likely to shift or dislodge, offering dependable performance throughout the day.
Custom Fit
Scleral lenses are custom-designed to fit the unique shape of each individual’s eye, ensuring a tailored and effective solution.
Are Scleral Lenses Difficult to Wear?
While scleral lenses may seem intimidating due to their size, they are surprisingly easy to handle once you get the hang of them. Here are a few key things to know:
- Insertion and Removal:
Using a specialised plunger or suction tool simplifies the process of inserting and removing the lens.
- Cleaning and Maintenance:
Proper cleaning and storage are essential for maintaining the lenses and ensuring the safety of your eyes.
- Adaptation Period:
Some individuals may require an adjustment period to get used to the sensation of wearing scleral lenses, but most users find them comfortable with regular use. It’s worth noting that some users may take days to weeks to fully adjust, particularly those with sensitive eyes or new corneal grafts.
Fitting Process for Scleral Lenses
Scleral lenses require a professional fitting process to ensure they provide optimal comfort and functionality. This involves:
- Initial Consultation:
An eye care professional evaluates your eye condition and discusses whether scleral lenses are suitable for you.
- Customised Measurements:
Advanced imaging technology is used to map the surface of your eyes, ensuring a precise fit.
- Trial Lenses:
A trial lens is usually tested to confirm the fit, comfort, and vision correction.
- Follow-Up Visits:
Follow-up appointments are scheduled to refine the fit and address any concerns.
Potential Drawbacks of Scleral Lenses
While scleral lenses offer numerous benefits, it’s important to consider potential limitations:
- Cost:
Scleral lenses are typically more expensive than standard contact lenses due to their customisation and specialised design.
- Time-Consuming:
The fitting process can take longer compared to regular lenses, as it requires precision and multiple visits.
- Care and Maintenance:
Proper cleaning and handling require diligence to avoid complications such as infections.
Tips for First-Time Wearers
If you’re considering scleral lenses, here are some tips to enhance your experience:
- Utilise preservative-free saline solution to fill the lenses prior to wearing them.
- It is essential to thoroughly wash your hands before handling the lenses.
- Be patient during the adjustment period as you get used to wearing and maintaining them.
- Schedule regular check-ups with your eye care professional.
Are Scleral Lenses Right for You?
Determining whether scleral lenses are the right choice depends on your eye condition and lifestyle requirements. They are a specialised solution developed to address the unique visual requirements of individuals. If you experience difficulties with traditional contact lenses or glasses, scleral lenses could provide the clarity and comfort you’ve been searching for.
Take the First Step to Better Vision
Scleral lenses are a revolutionary solution offering advanced visual correction and comfort. By addressing unique eye conditions, they open new possibilities for those who may have struggled with traditional options.
If you think scleral lenses could benefit you, consult with your eye care professional to explore whether they’re the right fit.
